Kazalo:
- Kakšne so prednosti šentjanževke?
- 1. Lahko pomaga pri zdravljenju depresije
- 2. Lahko nadzoruje simptome menopavze
- 3. Lahko pomaga pri celjenju ran
- 4. Lahko zdravi motnjo hiperaktivnosti s pomanjkanjem pozornosti (ADHD)
- 5. Lahko zdravi anksiozno motnjo
- 6. Lahko zdravi atopijski dermatitis
- 7. Lahko zdravi somatoformne motnje
- 8. Lahko zmanjša tveganje za nastanek raka
- 9. Lahko zdravi zastoj sinusov
- 10. Lahko zniža krvni tlak
- Nezadostni dokazi za oceno učinkovitosti za
- What Are The Potential Side Effects Of St. John’s Wort?
- Possible Drug Interactions
- Conclusion
- Expert’s Answers for Readers Questions
- 61 virov
Šentjanževka je znanstveno znana kot Hypericum perforatum. Je cvetoča rastlina, ki izvira iz Evrope. V ljudski medicini se že stoletja uporablja za zdravljenje številnih bolezni. Ekstrakti šentjanževke vsebujejo aktivne sestavine, kot so hipericin in hiperforin. Rastlina naj bi imela protivnetne, protimikrobne, antioksidativne in protirakave lastnosti. To zeliščno zdravilo lahko pomaga pri zdravljenju depresije, nadzoru simptomov menopavze, celjenju ran, izboljšanju motnje hiperaktivnosti s pomanjkanjem pozornosti (ADHD) in zdravljenju anksiozne motnje
V tem članku bomo razpravljali o koristih za zdravje, odmerjanju in možnih neželenih učinkih šentjanževke. Nadaljujte z branjem.
Kakšne so prednosti šentjanževke?
1. Lahko pomaga pri zdravljenju depresije
Šentjanževka lahko pomaga pri zdravljenju depresije. Na splošno se za zdravljenje tega psihološkega vprašanja uporabljajo zdravila, kot so antidepresivi. Antidepresivi običajno prihajajo z drugimi neželenimi učinki. Šentjanževka naj bi imela nekaj učinkovin, kot so hiperforin, adhiperforin in hipericin, ki lahko povečajo raven kemičnih sporočil v možganih (1).
Študija je pokazala, da imajo udeleženci, ki so jemali šentjanževko, veliko manj verjetnosti, da bodo imeli neželene dogodke kot tisti, ki uporabljajo antidepresive (2). Poleg tega uporaba šentjanževke v podobni meri zmanjšuje simptome depresije kot antidepresivi (3).
Druga študija, ki jo je izvedla univerza v Queenslandu, je podpirala uporabo šentjanževke pri zdravljenju blage depresije (4). Pregled 29 mednarodnih študij kaže, da je šentjanževka morda boljša od placeba in enako učinkovita kot različni standardni antidepresivi na recept, ki se uporabljajo za zdravljenje depresije (5).
2. Lahko nadzoruje simptome menopavze
Izvleček šentjanževke se lahko uporablja za lajšanje psiholoških in vegetativnih simptomov menopavze. Lahko bi izboljšala kakovost življenja in vročinski utrip pri ženskah v perimenopavzi. Za nadaljnje razumevanje tega mehanizma so potrebna nadaljnja večja klinična preskušanja (6).
V drugi študiji je 111 žensk, ki so jim 12 tednov dnevno dodajali 900 mg šentjanževke, pokazalo izboljšanje simptomov menopavze (7). Druga študija navaja, da je rastlino mogoče uporabiti kot učinkovito zdravljenje vazomotoričnih simptomov žensk v perimenopavzi ali postmenopavzi (8).
Tudi izvlečki šentjanževke in njihova kombinacija z zelišči so pokazali manj neželenih učinkov pri ženskah po menopavzi (9). Vsakodnevno zdravljenje s šentjanževko je bilo učinkovitejše za zdravljenje predmenstrualnega sindroma (PMS) (10).
3. Lahko pomaga pri celjenju ran
Šentjanževka se tradicionalno uporablja za zdravljenje ran in opeklin (11), (12). Izvlečki tega zelišča so bili uporabljeni tudi kot ljudsko zdravilo za pospeševanje celjenja kožnih ran (13). Šentjanževka je povzročila tudi hitrejši vnetni odziv in pomagala pri celjenju diabetičnih kirurških ran (14).
Ugotovljeno je bilo, da to rastlinsko zdravilo in njegov presnovek (hiperforin) pomagata pri zdravljenju vnetnih kožnih motenj (15). Šentjanževka je bila ugotovljena za zdravljenje ran zaradi sinteze kolagena in migracije fibroblastov (16).
4. Lahko zdravi motnjo hiperaktivnosti s pomanjkanjem pozornosti (ADHD)
Šentjanževka lahko pomaga pri zdravljenju motnje hiperaktivnosti s pomanjkanjem pozornosti (ADHD). Študija, ki jo je izvedla Regionalna bolnišnica Bozen v Bolzanu, je pokazala, da je šentjanževka pokazala rahlo izboljšanje povprečnih ocen dejavnikov hiperaktivnosti in nezrelosti pacientov (17).
Vendar pa študija, ki je uporabljala izvleček šentjanževke za zdravljenje otrok in mladostnikov z ADHD, ni izboljšala njihovih simptomov (18). Zato so potrebne nadaljnje dolgoročne raziskave, da bi še bolje razumeli to korist šentjanževke.
5. Lahko zdravi anksiozno motnjo
Šentjanževka ima nekaj koristnih terapevtskih lastnosti, ki lahko pomagajo pri zdravljenju anksiozne motnje. Rastlina ima antidepresivne lastnosti, ki se uporabljajo pri zdravljenju velike depresivne motnje (MDD) s komorbidno anksioznostjo (19). Študija, ki jo je na miših izvedla univerza Western Illinois, je pokazala, da šentjanževka pomaga pri zdravljenju posttravmatske stresne motnje (ki vključuje anksiozno motnjo) (20).
Vendar je glede tega treba opraviti več raziskav.
6. Lahko zdravi atopijski dermatitis
Hiperforin, glavna sestavina šentjanževke, deluje protivnetno. Lokalna uporaba kreme šentjanževke lahko pomaga pri zdravljenju atopijskega dermatitisa (21).
Sestavine rastline, kot sta hiperforin in hipericin, imajo antioksidativne, protivnetne, protitumorske in protimikrobne lastnosti, ki bi lahko pomagale pri zdravljenju atopijskega dermatitisa (22). Tudi hipericin je fotosenzibilizator, ki ga lahko uporabimo za selektivno zdravljenje nemelanomskega kožnega raka (22).
V zvezi s tem je potrebnih več raziskav.
7. Lahko zdravi somatoformne motnje
Somatoformne motnje so duševne motnje, ki se kažejo kot telesne poškodbe. Začetne študije so pokazale, da ima šentjanževka določeno učinkovitost pri bolnikih s somatoformnimi motnjami (23). V drugi študiji je bilo dajanje 600 mg ekstrakta šentjanževke na dan učinkovito pri zdravljenju somatoformnih motenj (24).
8. Lahko zmanjša tveganje za nastanek raka
Hiperforin in njegovi derivati (kot je aristoforin) so naravni proizvodi šentjanževke, ki imajo več farmakoloških lastnosti. Hiperforin naj bi bil močno sredstvo proti raku (25). Linija šentjanževke, bogata z melatoninom, naj bi imela antioksidativne lastnosti. Pomagajo zavirati rast rakavih celic (26).
Hiperforin prav tako spodbuja programirano celično smrt različnih rakavih celic in zavira njihovo sposobnost selitve (27), (28). Hiperforin in njegovi derivati imajo izjemen položaj kot zdravila proti raku s svojimi nizkotoksičnimi lastnostmi in protitumorskimi lastnostmi (29). Študija je pokazala, da bi hiperforin lahko povzročil smrt rakavih celic v primeru levkemije (30), (31).
9. Lahko zdravi zastoj sinusov
Nekatere študije kažejo, da šentjanževka lahko deluje proti sinusitisu in sezonski afektivni motnji (SAD) (32). Šentjanževka ima antibiotične in protivirusne lastnosti, ki lahko pomagajo lajšati zastoj sluzi, okužbo sinusov, gripo in simptome bronhitisa. Potrebne so nadaljnje raziskave, da bi razumeli to korist šentjanževke pri ljudeh.
10. Lahko zniža krvni tlak
Šentjanževka ima močne protivnetne in antioksidativne lastnosti, ki lahko pomagajo znižati krvni tlak. Nekateri anekdotični dokazi kažejo, da ta zdravilna rastlina zmanjšuje vnetja v kardiovaskularnem sistemu in zmanjšuje stres na srcu. Vendar je glede tega treba opraviti več raziskav.
Nezadostni dokazi za oceno učinkovitosti za
Šentjanževka ima dolgo zgodovino uporabe v ljudski medicini za zdravljenje različnih bolezni, ki vključujejo vnetja, rane, bakterijske in virusne okužbe, peptične razjede in okvare dihal (33). Šentjanževka naj bi imela analgetične in antinociceptivne lastnosti, ki pomagajo pri obvladovanju bolečin (34). Multipla skleroza (MS) je motnja centralnega živčnega sistema, za katero so značilne poškodbe in vnetja aksonov. Šentjanževka naj bi imela protivnetne lastnosti, ki pomagajo pri zdravljenju multiple skleroze (MS) (35).
Zaradi močnih protivnetnih lastnosti šentjanževke je idealna rešitev za hude bolečine v sklepih, protin in mišične krče. Etil acetatni ekstrakt šentjanževke bi lahko pokazal antihiperglikemično aktivnost pri diabetičnih podganah (36). Študije na živalih navajajo, da ima šentjanževka hepatoprotektivne učinke, ki bi lahko pomagali pri zdravljenju ishemije jeter pri podganah (37). Šentjanževka lahko pomaga v boju proti diabetesu. Uporaba njegovih ekstraktov (125 in 250 mg / kg) je povzročila znatno znižanje visoke ravni glukoze v krvi pri diabetičnih podganah (38).
Sledi nekaj domnevnih koristi šentjanževke, ki nimajo zadostnih dokazov:
- Možganski tumor (gliom) John's Wort lahko pomaga pri zdravljenju glioma z intravensko injekcijo (39). Vendar ni na voljo dovolj podatkov za dokazovanje te trditve.
- Herpes
Recent studies have shown that St. John’s Wort contains certain antiviral properties. This herb is believed to be helpful in the treatment of herpes, AIDS, hepatitis B, and several other serious viral conditions (40), (41).
- Smoking cessation
St. John’s Wort could attenuate nicotine withdrawal signs in mice. The plant was also used as a natural antidepressant in mice. More studies in humans are needed (42). St. John’s Wort proves to be effective in larger controlled studies. It could represent a less expensive, more readily accessible, and well-tolerated agent to promote tobacco cessation (43). However, further studies are necessary to understand the possibility of St. John’s wort in the treatment of smoking cessation in humans.
- Helps create a hormonal balance
St. John’s Wort is a widely popular treatment for hormonal imbalances. Its chemical composition is especially shown to lower the hormonal imbalances in a menopausal woman. It may reduce mood swings, the severity of the cramps, irritation, depression, and anxiety levels (44). However, further evidence is needed to confirm its effectiveness.
Other potential benefits of St. John’s Wort that lack any research include the following:
- Migraine headache
- Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)
- Skin redness and irritation (plaque psoriasis)
- Tooth pulling
- Nerve pain
- Burning mouth syndrome
- Post-operative pain
Though more research is warranted, the plant does have some benefits. In the following section, we will look at the ideal dosage of the plant.
Dosage*
For Children and young adults (>18 years)
- For ADHD – 300 mg St. John’s Wort, three times daily for eight weeks (18)
- For depression – 150-1800 mg St. John’s Wort, three times daily for eight weeks (41)
For Adults
- For anxiety – 900 mg St. John’s Wort, twice daily for twelve weeks (45)
- For cancer – 05-0.50 mg per kg of hypericin, for two months (46)
- For mild to moderate depression – 20-1800 mg St. John’s Wort, three times for 4 to 52 weeks
- For severe depression – 900-1800 mg, once daily for 8 to 12 weeks (47)
- For obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) – 450-1800 mg, once daily for 12 weeks (48)
- For premenstrual syndrome (PMS) – 300-900 mg daily for two menstrual cycles (49)
- For smoking cessation – 300 mg, once or twice daily for three months (50)
* These values are taken only from randomized clinical trials. They are for reference only. None of them have been proven to treat any particular ailment. Consult your doctor for more information.
Though St. John’s Wort is generally safe for consumption, it also may have some side effects. We will explore them in the following section.
What Are The Potential Side Effects Of St. John’s Wort?
The uncontrolled and unprescribed dosage of St. John’s Wort may cause several side effects. These include allergic reactions, sedation, gastrointestinal symptoms, headache, skin reactions, dry mouth, tiredness/restlessness, and dizziness. The majority of these reactions were generally considered to be mild, moderate, or transient (51), (52), (53).
Some research has indicated that taking certain herbal supplements, including St. John’s Wort, may increase your risk of complications if you are put under anesthesia. You should not take St. John’s Wort at least two weeks before a scheduled surgery (54).
Photosensitivity reactions affecting the skin are other serious adverse reactions associated with St. John’s Wort. Recent data suggest that photosensitivity reactions are dose-related, with increased sensitivity associated with higher doses. Extracts of St. John’s Wort are used in the treatment of depression. They contain various substances with naphthodianthrones hypericin and pseudohypericin as characteristic ingredients. These compounds may lead to phototoxicity in animals and humans (55), (56).
Also, St. John’s Wort may cause liver injury, tingling, and erectile or sexual dysfunction. However, limited research is available in this regard.
Possible Drug Interactions
St. John’s Wort may react with certain drugs. Generally, most herbs interact with prescribed drugs and have the potential to influence metabolic reactions (56), (57).
In a study, drug interactions with St. John’s Wort had affected the organ systems and the central nervous system. St. John’s Wort and fluoxetine have a similar profile, and this demonstrates that herbal preparations can result in adverse drug reactions that are similar to those of prescription medications (58). In another study, St. John’s Wort interacted with cyclosporin A metabolism. The drug is involved in the careful monitoring of blood levels in a patient after liver transplantation (59).
St. John’s Wort may interact with medicines such as warfarin, phenprocoumon, cyclosporine, oral contraceptives, theophylline, digoxin, indinavir, and lamivudine (60).
Also, it may interact with other drugs. These include:
- Antibiotics, antidepressant SSRIs, and Triptans
St. John’s Wort may interact with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). This interaction may lead to agitation, nausea, confusion, and diarrhea (56).
- Oral contraceptives
St. John’s Wort may interact with oral contraceptives. This results in breakthrough bleeding among women who are taking birth control pills along with St. John’s Wort (56).
- Immunosuppressants and blood thinners such as warfarin
Warfarin may interact with St. John’s Wort, which can lead to severe adverse reactions that are sometimes life-threatening (61).
- Sedatives and medications used to treat generalized anxiety disorder; drugs used to treat cancer, heart conditions, and HIV/AIDS
From one study, patients with HIV experienced an increase in HIV RNA viral load following the use of St. John’s Wort (56).
- Over-the-counter medications (for sleep, cough, and cold)
St. John’s Wort also interacts with anticonvulsants such as carbamazepine, phenobarbitone and phenytoin, theophylline, cyclosporin, phenprocoumon, and digoxin. However, more long-term research is needed to further understand these drug interactions.
Conclusion
St. John’s Wort is an effective dietary supplement and medicinal herb for treating various nervous system related disorders. It is said to possess anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anticancer properties and helps to treat many ailments. It may help treat depression, control menopausal symptoms, help in wound healing, and treat anxiety disorders. However, excess and unprescribed usage of this herbal drug may lead to some adverse reactions. Hence, limit its usage and consult your health care provider in case of any medical emergencies.
Expert’s Answers for Readers Questions
How long does St. John’s Wort take to start working?
St. John’s Wort may take 3 to 6 weeks to show any effects. Do not stop taking it all at once, as you may otherwise experience side effects.
Should I take St. John’s Wort in the morning or night?
St. John’s Wort works best if taken twice a day. In the third and fourth weeks of your treatment, take 300 mg in the morning and 600 mg in the evening. In the fifth week, consider increasing the dose to 600 mg twice a day. Like all antidepressants, it can take four to six weeks before you feel any benefits. Consult your doctor for more information on the use and dosage.
Does St. John’s Wort make you gain weight?
No. St. John’s Wort has the potential to prevent obesity and abnormalities with lipid metabolism. It does not lead to weight gain.
Is St. John’s Wort bad for your heart?
St. John’s Wort is well known to help treat depression in heart patients, with less negative side effects on the heart than traditional antidepressants.
Can St. John’s Wort damage the liver?
Šentjanževka ni bila povezana s poškodbo jeter. Zaradi številnih interakcij in učinkov zelišč z zdravili lahko zelišče vpliva na delovanje jeter ali povzroči poškodbe jeter. Izogibajte se jemanju skupaj z jetrnimi zdravili. Posvetujte se s svojim zdravnikom.
Lahko pijete alkohol s šentjanževko?
Med zdravljenjem s šentjanževko se morate izogibati ali omejiti uživanje alkohola. Alkohol lahko poveča neželene učinke šentjanževke, povezane z živčnim sistemom, vključno z omotico, zaspanostjo in težavami pri koncentraciji.
61 virov
Stylecraze ima stroge smernice za nabavo in se opira na strokovne študije, akademske raziskovalne ustanove in zdravniška združenja. Izogibamo se uporabi terciarnih referenc. Če preberete našo uredniško politiko, lahko izveste več o tem, kako zagotavljamo, da je naša vsebina točna in aktualna.-
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